Morphological Changes in Diabetic Foot

 Abstract

Objective: Diabetic feet and toe deformities is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus and neuropathy is the causative factor combined with vasculopathy. In this study we list out various morphological changes which occur in Diabetic foot lesions, the pathophysiology and the management of the deformed toes and feet.

Materials and Methods:A prospective study was carried out in patients presenting to the Diabetic Clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. 70 patients who were labelled as diabetics formed the study group.

Results: The most common age group affected belonged to 51-60 age bracket which included 41 patients (58.5%). The male to female ratio was approximately 3:1. Majority of patients 32 (45.71%) had diabetes of >10 years duration. Foot and toe deformities affected majorly diabetics with moderately controlled diabetes mellitus and the study revealed that 40 patients (57.2%) had moderately controlled diabetes with blood sugar levels ranging from 160-200 mg/dl. The highest number of patients i.e. 29 patients (41.4%) who had foot/ toe deformities were on oral hypoglycaemic agents. Clawing of the toes (26 patients, 37.14% of patients), was the commonest morphological change in the architecture of the foot followed by Varus deformities (17 patients, 24.28% of patients). Nail changes in the form of hypertrophied and brittle nails affected 37 patients (52.85%).

Conclusion: We concluded that team approach, adequate diabetic control combined with patient education about foot care and footwear will help prevent complications and improved quality of life of the patients suffering from diabetic foot and toe deformities.

Read more about this article: https://juniperpublishers.com/ijoprs/IJOPRS.MS.ID.555637.php

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