Complication and Sequelae of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Tertiary Care Center Experience

 Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a grave infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Pulmonary tuberculosis remains an important public health problem globally and one of most common infectious disease. Tuberculosis can cause wide variety of complication respiratory or non-respiratory. We studied complication and sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted, the study included all patients presenting with complications of tuberculosis in newly diagnosed and previously treated patients referred to the Pulmonary Medicine Department. Patients not willing to give consent for the study or the patient with incomplete data were excluded. TB was diagnosed on the basis of sputum Gene Expert, Line Probe Assay and Conventional Drug Sensitivity testing.

Results: Of the total 310 cases, 176(57%) patients were males and 134(43%) were female patients. The mean age of all patients was 41.72 years. Among the 310 cases 293(95%) were drug sensitive tuberculosis and 17(5%) patients were of drug resistant tuberculosis. Out of the 310 patients; 160(51%) patients had post TB COPD as complication of TB. Most common complication was post TB COPD while least common was BPF seen in 8(2.5%) patients. The most common co-morbidity was DM which was seen in 15 (5%) patients. Cough was most common among various symptom with which patient presented to hospital. Out of 310 patient who had complication due to tuberculosis 301(97%) patient were hospitalised and 9(3%) patients were treated on OPD basis. Most common complication which leads to hospitalisation was post TB COPD with or without respiratory failure.

Conclusion: Complications are part of spectrum of tuberculosis, however early diagnosis and management will help in salvaging of precious life.

Read more about this article: https://juniperpublishers.com/ijoprs/IJOPRS.MS.ID.555674.php

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